Decoding business strategies, startup ecosystems, and the forces driving corporate success and failure.
Investment banks are pricing SpaceX at USD 1.8 trillion for a company that lost USD 4.94 billion last year. That is not a miscalculation — it is a method. And that method applies to every valuation you will ever read.
SpaceX is going public at USD 1.8 trillion. Its revenue: USD 18.7 billion. Read More »
Meta acquired Manus for $2 billion. Four months later, the Chinese government ordered the deal unwound. A global first that shows how mergers and acquisitions — the operations that reshape jobs, products and strategies worldwide — can fail in ways no one anticipated.
Meta acquired Manus. China ordered it to unwind the deal. Read More »
Every year, thousands of companies merge or get acquired for trillions of dollars combined. Yet studies consistently find that most deals fail to deliver their promised value. This Fundamental breaks down how M&A actually works: why companies pursue deals, what due diligence really uncovers, why synergies are so often overpromised, and what separates the transactions that create lasting value from those that quietly destroy it.
Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A) Read More »
Every publicly listed company started with a bank transfer between friends or a maxed-out credit card. Between that moment and ringing the stock exchange bell lies a precise sequence of funding rounds — each with its own logic, its own investors, and its own trade-offs.
How Companies Raise Money: From Love Money to IPO Read More »
DCF, market multiples, asset-based valuation, Berkus, VC Method — business valuation isn’t one technique but a family of competing approaches that often produce wildly different numbers for the same company. Here’s how to read them, and when each one actually applies.
Business Valuation Read More »
